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</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><strong class="selflink"><tt>std::deque</tt></strong><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5">成员函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/deque.html" title="cpp/container/deque/deque"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::deque</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/~deque.html" title="cpp/container/deque/~deque"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::~deque</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/operator%3D.html" title="cpp/container/deque/operator="><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::operator=</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/assign.html" title="cpp/container/deque/assign"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::assign</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/get_allocator.html" title="cpp/container/deque/get allocator"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::get_allocator</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">元素访问</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/front"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::front</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/back"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::back</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">迭代器</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/begin.html" title="cpp/container/deque/begin"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::begin</span><span>deque::cbegin</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/end.html" title="cpp/container/deque/end"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::end</span><span>deque::cend</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/rbegin.html" title="cpp/container/deque/rbegin"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::rbegin</span><span>deque::crbegin</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/rend.html" title="cpp/container/deque/rend"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::rend</span><span>deque::crend</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">容量</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/empty.html" title="cpp/container/deque/empty"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::empty</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/size.html" title="cpp/container/deque/size"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::size</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/max_size.html" title="cpp/container/deque/max size"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::max_size</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/shrink_to_fit.html" title="cpp/container/deque/shrink to fit"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::shrink_to_fit</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">修改器</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/clear.html" title="cpp/container/deque/clear"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::clear</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/insert.html" title="cpp/container/deque/insert"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::insert</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/emplace.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::emplace</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/erase.html" title="cpp/container/deque/erase"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::erase</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/push_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push front"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::push_front</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/emplace_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace front"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::emplace_front</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/pop_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop front"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::pop_front</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/push_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push back"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::push_back</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/emplace_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace back"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::emplace_back</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/pop_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop back"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::pop_back</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/resize.html" title="cpp/container/deque/resize"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::resize</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/swap.html" title="cpp/container/deque/swap"><span class="t-lines"><span>deque::swap</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 非成员函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/swap.html" title="cpp/container/deque/swap"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/erase2.html" title="cpp/container/deque/erase2"><span class="t-lines"><span>erase</span><span>erase_if</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="deque/operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/container/deque/operator cmp"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator&lt;</span><span>operator&gt;</span><span>operator&lt;=</span><span>operator&gt;=</span><span>operator&lt;=&gt;</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> <a href="deque/deduction_guides.html" title="cpp/container/deque/deduction guides">推导指引</a><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<table class="t-dcl-begin"><tbody>
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td> <div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="../header/deque.html" title="cpp/header/deque">&lt;deque&gt;</a></code>
 </div></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><br>
<p>    <span class="kw1">class</span> T,<br>
    <span class="kw1">class</span> Allocator <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="../memory/allocator.html"><span class="kw700">std::<span class="me2">allocator</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>T<span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
</p>
<span class="sy1">&gt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> deque<span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (1) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr> 
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx17">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">namespace</span> pmr <span class="br0">{</span><br>
<p>    <span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw1">class</span> T<span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br>
    <span class="kw1">using</span> deque <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">deque</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>T, <a href="../memory/polymorphic_allocator.html"><span class="kw707">std::<span class="me2">pmr</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">polymorphic_allocator</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>T<span class="sy1">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="sy4">;</span><br>
</p>
<span class="br0">}</span></span></div></td>
<td> (2) </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep"><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><code>std::deque</code> （ double-ended queue ，双端队列）是有下标顺序容器，它允许在其首尾两段快速插入及删除。另外，在 deque 任一端插入或删除不会非法化指向其余元素的指针或引用。
</p><p>与 <span class="t-lc"><a href="vector.html" title="cpp/container/vector">std::vector</a></span> 相反， deque 的元素不是相接存储的：典型实现用单独分配的固定大小数组的序列，外加额外的登记，这表示下标访问必须进行二次指针解引用，与之相比 vector 的下标访问只进行一次。
</p><p>deque 的存储按需自动扩展及收缩。扩张 deque 比扩展 <span class="t-lc"><a href="vector.html" title="cpp/container/vector">std::vector</a></span> 便宜，因为它不涉及到复制既存元素到新内存位置。另一方面， deque 典型地拥有较大的最小内存开销；只保有一个元素的 deque 必须分配其整个内部数组（例如 64 位 libstdc++ 上为对象大小 8 倍； 64 位 libc++ 上为对象大小 16 倍或 4096 字节的较大者）。
</p><p>deque 上常见操作的复杂度（效率）如下：
</p>
<ul><li> 随机访问——常数 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(1)</span>
</li><li> 在结尾或起始插入或移除元素——常数 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(1)</span>
</li><li> 插入或移除元素——线性 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(n)</span>
</li></ul>
<p><code>std::deque</code> 满足<a href="../named_req/Container.html" title="cpp/named req/Container"><i>容器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Container)</span> </a>、<a href="../named_req/AllocatorAwareContainer.html" title="cpp/named req/AllocatorAwareContainer"><i>具分配器容器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(AllocatorAwareContainer)</span> </a>、<a href="../named_req/SequenceContainer.html" title="cpp/named req/SequenceContainer"><i>序列容器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(SequenceContainer)</span> </a>和<a href="../named_req/ReversibleContainer.html" title="cpp/named req/ReversibleContainer"><i>可逆容器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(ReversibleContainer)</span> </a>的要求。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF.E5.BD.A2.E5.8F.82">模板形参</span></h3>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td>  T
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  元素的类型。
 <table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11"><td> <code>T</code> 必须满足<a href="../named_req/CopyAssignable.html" title="cpp/named req/CopyAssignable"><i>可复制赋值</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(CopyAssignable)</span> </a>和<a href="../named_req/CopyConstructible.html" title="cpp/named req/CopyConstructible"><i>可复制构造</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(CopyConstructible)</span> </a>的要求。</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td></tr>
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11"><td> 加诸元素的要求依赖于容器上进行的实际操作。泛言之，要求元素类型是完整类型并满足<a href="../named_req/Erasable.html" title="cpp/named req/Erasable"><i>可擦除</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Erasable)</span> </a>的要求，但许多成员函数附带了更严格的要求。</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p></p>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  Allocator
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  用于获取/释放内存及构造/析构内存中元素的分配器。类型必须满足<a href="../named_req/Allocator.html" title="cpp/named req/Allocator"><i>分配器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Allocator)</span> </a>的要求。若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Allocator<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">value_type</span></span></span> 与 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">T</span></span> 不同则行为未定义。</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E5.99.A8.E9.9D.9E.E6.B3.95.E5.8C.96">迭代器非法化</span></h3>
<table class="metadata plainlinks ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" style=""><tr><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td><td class="mbox-text" style="">本节未完成 </td></tr></table>
<p>此节有仍少量不准确处，更多细节请查看涉及单独成员函数的页面
</p>
<table class="dsctable" style="font-size:0.8em">
<tr>
<th>操作
</th>
<th>被非法化
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>所有只读操作
</td>
<td>决不
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/swap.html" title="cpp/container/deque/swap">swap</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../algorithm/swap.html" title="cpp/algorithm/swap">std::swap</a></span>
</td>
<td>尾后迭代器可能被非法化（实现定义）
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/shrink_to_fit.html" title="cpp/container/deque/shrink to fit">shrink_to_fit</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/clear.html" title="cpp/container/deque/clear">clear</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/insert.html" title="cpp/container/deque/insert">insert</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/emplace.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace">emplace</a></span> 、<br><span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/push_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push front">push_front</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/push_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push back">push_back</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/emplace_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace front">emplace_front</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/emplace_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace back">emplace_back</a></span>
</td>
<td>始终
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/erase.html" title="cpp/container/deque/erase">erase</a></span>
</td>
<td>若在起始擦除——仅被擦除元素<br>
<p>若在末尾擦除——仅被擦除元素和尾后迭代器<br>
否则——非法化所有迭代器（包含尾后迭代器）。
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/resize.html" title="cpp/container/deque/resize">resize</a></span>
</td>
<td>若新大小小于旧者：仅被擦除元素和尾后迭代器<br>
<p>若新大小大于旧者：非法化所有迭代器<br>
否则——不非法化任何迭代器。
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/pop_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop front">pop_front</a></span>
</td>
<td>仅有指向被擦除元素者
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/pop_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop back">pop_back</a></span>
</td>
<td>仅有指向被擦除元素者和尾后迭代器
</td></tr></table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.B3.95.E5.8C.96.E6.B3.A8.E6.84.8F">非法化注意</span></h4>
<ul><li> 从 deque 任一端插入时， <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/insert.html" title="cpp/container/deque/insert">insert</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/emplace.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace">emplace</a></span> 不会非法化引用。
</li><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/push_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push front">push_front</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/push_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push back">push_back</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/emplace_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace front">emplace_front</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/emplace_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace back">emplace_back</a></span> 不会非法化任何到 deque 元素的引用。
</li><li> 从 deque 任一端擦除时， <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/erase.html" title="cpp/container/deque/erase">erase</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/pop_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop front">pop_front</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/pop_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop back">pop_back</a></span> 不会非法化到未擦除元素的引用。
</li><li> 以较小的大小调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/resize.html" title="cpp/container/deque/resize">resize</a></span> 不会非法化任何到未擦除元素的引用。
</li><li> 以较大的大小调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="deque/resize.html" title="cpp/container/deque/resize">resize</a></span> 不会非法化任何到 deque 元素的引用。
</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">成员类型</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-sep">
<td colspan="2">  
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
<td> 成员类型
</td>
<td> 定义
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>value_type</code>
</td>
<td>  <code>T</code> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>allocator_type</code>
</td>
<td>  <code>Allocator</code> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>size_type</code>
</td>
<td>  无符号整数类型（通常是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../types/size_t.html" title="cpp/types/size t">std::size_t</a></span> ）</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>difference_type</code>
</td>
<td>  有符号整数类型（通常是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../types/ptrdiff_t.html" title="cpp/types/ptrdiff t">std::ptrdiff_t</a></span> ）</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>reference</code>
</td>
<td>   <table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder"><tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11"><td><code>Allocator::reference</code></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td></tr><tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11"><td><code>value_type&amp;</code></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td></tr></table> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>const_reference</code>
</td>
<td>   <table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder"><tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11"><td><code>Allocator::const_reference</code></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td></tr><tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11"><td><code>const value_type&amp;</code></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td></tr></table> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>pointer</code>
</td>
<td>   <table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder"><tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11"><td><code>Allocator::pointer</code></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td></tr><tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11"><td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../memory/allocator_traits.html"><span class="kw701">std::<span class="me2">allocator_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>Allocator<span class="sy1">&gt;</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">pointer</span></span></span></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td></tr></table> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>const_pointer</code>
</td>
<td>   <table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder"><tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11"><td><code>Allocator::const_pointer</code></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td></tr><tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11"><td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../memory/allocator_traits.html"><span class="kw701">std::<span class="me2">allocator_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>Allocator<span class="sy1">&gt;</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">const_pointer</span></span></span></td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td></tr></table> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>iterator</code>
</td>
<td> <a href="../named_req/RandomAccessIterator.html" title="cpp/named req/RandomAccessIterator"><i>遗留随机访问迭代器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyRandomAccessIterator)</span> </a></td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>const_iterator</code>
</td>
<td>  常随机访问迭代器</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>reverse_iterator</code>
</td>
<td>  <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../iterator/reverse_iterator.html"><span class="kw658">std::<span class="me2">reverse_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>iterator<span class="sy1">&gt;</span></span></span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>const_reverse_iterator</code>
</td>
<td>  <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../iterator/reverse_iterator.html"><span class="kw658">std::<span class="me2">reverse_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>const_iterator<span class="sy1">&gt;</span></span></span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div"><div><a href="deque/deque.html" title="cpp/container/deque/deque"> <span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  构造 <code>deque</code> <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div"><div><a href="deque/~deque.html" title="cpp/container/deque/~deque"> <span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  析构 <code>deque</code> <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/operator%3D.html" title="cpp/container/deque/operator="> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   赋值给容器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/assign.html" title="cpp/container/deque/assign"> <span class="t-lines"><span>assign</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   将值赋给容器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/get_allocator.html" title="cpp/container/deque/get allocator"> <span class="t-lines"><span>get_allocator</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   返回相关的分配器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.85.83.E7.B4.A0.E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE">  元素访问 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/at.html" title="cpp/container/deque/at"> <span class="t-lines"><span>at</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  访问指定的元素，同时进行越界检查  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/operator_at.html" title="cpp/container/deque/operator at"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator[]</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   访问指定的元素  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/front"> <span class="t-lines"><span>front</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  访问第一个元素 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/back"> <span class="t-lines"><span>back</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   访问最后一个元素  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E5.99.A8">  迭代器 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/begin.html" title="cpp/container/deque/begin"> <span class="t-lines"><span>begin</span><span> cbegin</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   返回指向容器第一个元素的迭代器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/end.html" title="cpp/container/deque/end"> <span class="t-lines"><span>end </span><span>cend</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回指向容器尾端的迭代器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/rbegin.html" title="cpp/container/deque/rbegin"> <span class="t-lines"><span>rbegin</span><span> crbegin</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回指向容器最后元素的逆向迭代器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/rend.html" title="cpp/container/deque/rend"> <span class="t-lines"><span>rend</span><span> crend</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   返回指向前端的逆向迭代器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.AE.B9.E9.87.8F">  容量 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/empty.html" title="cpp/container/deque/empty"> <span class="t-lines"><span>empty</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   检查容器是否为空  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/size.html" title="cpp/container/deque/size"> <span class="t-lines"><span>size</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   返回容纳的元素数  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/max_size.html" title="cpp/container/deque/max size"> <span class="t-lines"><span>max_size</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回可容纳的最大元素数 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/shrink_to_fit.html" title="cpp/container/deque/shrink to fit"> <span class="t-lines"><span>shrink_to_fit</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   通过释放未使用的内存减少内存的使用  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.AE.E6.94.B9.E5.99.A8">  修改器 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/clear.html" title="cpp/container/deque/clear"> <span class="t-lines"><span>clear</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  清除内容 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/insert.html" title="cpp/container/deque/insert"> <span class="t-lines"><span>insert</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  插入元素 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/emplace.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace"> <span class="t-lines"><span>emplace</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  原位构造元素 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/erase.html" title="cpp/container/deque/erase"> <span class="t-lines"><span>erase</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  擦除元素 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/push_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push back"> <span class="t-lines"><span>push_back</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   将元素添加到容器末尾 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/emplace_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace back"> <span class="t-lines"><span>emplace_back</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   在容器末尾就地构造元素  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/pop_back.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop back"> <span class="t-lines"><span>pop_back</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  移除末元素 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/push_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/push front"> <span class="t-lines"><span>push_front</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  插入元素到容器起始 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/emplace_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/emplace front"> <span class="t-lines"><span>emplace_front</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   在容器头部就地构造元素  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/pop_front.html" title="cpp/container/deque/pop front"> <span class="t-lines"><span>pop_front</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  移除首元素 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/resize.html" title="cpp/container/deque/resize"> <span class="t-lines"><span>resize</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   改变容器中可存储元素的个数  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/swap.html" title="cpp/container/deque/swap"> <span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   交换内容  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/container/deque/operator cmp"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator&lt;</span><span>operator&lt;=</span><span>operator&gt;</span><span>operator&gt;=</span><span>operator&lt;=&gt;</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   按照字典顺序比较 deque 中的值 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/swap2.html" title="cpp/container/deque/swap2"> <span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::deque)</span></span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   特化 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../algorithm/swap.html" title="cpp/algorithm/swap">std::swap</a></span> 算法 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="deque/erase2.html" title="cpp/container/deque/erase2"> <span class="t-lines"><span>erase<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::deque)</span></span><span>erase_if<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::deque)</span></span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  擦除所有满足特定判别标准的元素 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.8E.A8.E5.AF.BC.E6.8C.87.E5.BC.95.28C.2B.2B17_.E8.B5.B7.29"><a href="deque/deduction_guides.html" title="cpp/container/deque/deduction guides">推导指引</a><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></h3>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">运行此代码</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;deque&gt;</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <span class="co1">// 创建容纳整数的 deque</span>
    std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">deque</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> d <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">7</span>, <span class="nu0">5</span>, <span class="nu0">16</span>, <span class="nu0">8</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 从 deque 的首尾添加整数</span>
    d.<span class="me1">push_front</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">13</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    d.<span class="me1">push_back</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">25</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <span class="co1">// 迭代并打印 deque 的值</span>
    <span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy4">:</span> d<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
        <a href="../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1756">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> n <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>输出：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">13
7
5
16
8
25</pre></div></div> 
</div>

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Preprocessor generated node count: 21900/1000000
Post‐expand include size: 320420/2097152 bytes
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Highest expansion depth: 23/40
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